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Morocco

A ten-day journey across Morocco’s ancient trade routes, from Marrakech’s imperial medina and the windswept ramparts of Essaouira to the dunes of the Sahara and the scholarly streets of Fez.

Follow the old caravan road from the Atlas Mountains to the desert and north to Fez, tracing Morocco’s layered history through cities, kasbahs, and oases.

This route connects Morocco’s great contrasts: the rhythm of Marrakech, the ocean calm of Essaouira, the silence of the Sahara, and the artistry of Fez.

In Marrakech, founded in the 11th century by the Almoravids, life still centres on the red-walled medina: spice merchants in Jemaa el-Fna, artisans in hidden workshops, and tiled palaces built when sultans ruled the desert trade.

The coastal town of Essaouira, once a Portuguese fort and later a key Atlantic port for Jewish and Berber merchants, offers sea breeze and rhythm, with its blue boats bob beneath the old cannons of Skala de la Ville.

From there the journey crosses the High Atlas Mountains, climbing to 2,260m at the Tizi n’Tichka Pass before dropping into the Draa Valley, where date palms grow beside adobe kasbahs like Aït Benhaddou, a UNESCO site once guarding the caravan route to Timbuktu. The trail leads east to Merzouga and the dunes of Erg Chebbi, where travellers still ride by camel into the desert sunset.

The final stop is Fez, Morocco’s oldest imperial city and home to the world’s first university, Al-Qarawiyyin. Its medina is a living museum of craftsmanship for mosaic, brass, leather, and cedar, echoing the city’s 1,200 years of scholarship and trade.

Highlights

image of vibrant dining space (for a mexican restaurant)

Essaouira's craftsmanship

Blue-and-white ramparts, artists’ studios, and waves rolling beneath Portuguese towers, wander through the historic walled medina, vibrant blue fishing port and rich arts scene (especially thuya wood crafts and Gnaoua music), consuming fresh seafood and perfecting your kitesurfing.

image of a guided tour group

Marrakesh medina

Vibrant, labyrinthine souks selling spices, leather, carpets, and lanterns, historic architectural gems like the Koutoubia Mosque and Bahia Palace and traditional riads and palaces all coexist inside the Medina walls to create an intoxicating sensory overload of sights, sounds, and smells.
image of a local tour guide (for a travel agency)

Merzouga's Sahara dunes

Ride camels into the silence of Erg Chebbi surrounded only by rolling dunes and star gaze the Milky Way through one of the clearest skies imaginable.
image of vibrant dining space (for a mexican restaurant)

Essaouira's craftsmanship

Blue-and-white ramparts, artists’ studios, and waves rolling beneath Portuguese towers, wander through the historic walled medina, vibrant blue fishing port and rich arts scene (especially thuya wood crafts and Gnaoua music), consuming fresh seafood and perfecting your kitesurfing.

image of a guided tour group

Marrakesh medina

Vibrant, labyrinthine souks selling spices, leather, carpets, and lanterns, historic architectural gems like the Koutoubia Mosque and Bahia Palace and traditional riads and palaces all coexist inside the Medina walls to create an intoxicating sensory overload of sights, sounds, and smells.
image of a local tour guide (for a travel agency)

Merzouga's Sahara dunes

Ride camels into the silence of Erg Chebbi surrounded only by rolling dunes and star gaze the Milky Way through one of the clearest skies imaginable.

Journey itinerary

Itinerary overview
Detailed breakdown follows

Day 1: Arrive in Marrakech

Day 2: Marrakech, palaces, souks and sunset rooftops

Day 3: Marrakech to Essaouira, the Atlantic port

Day 4: Essaouira morning, return to Marrakech

Day 5: Across the High Atlas to Aït Benhaddou and Dades Gorge

Day 6: Dades Gorge to Merzouga, into the Sahara

Day 7: Sahara sunrise and long drive north to Fez

Day 8: Fez, city of scholars and artisans

Day 9: Fez, royal gates and hidden hammams

Day 10: Departure from Fez

Day-by-day itinerary
Day 1: Arrive in Marrakech

Arrive in Morocco’s Red City, once the capital of a medieval empire stretching deep across the Sahara and into Andalusia. Check into a riad tucked behind the old walls, Sip mint tea in the courtyard or on the rooftop as dusk settles, and listen as the muezzin’s call drifts across the medina, echoing over terracotta walls and satellite dishes.

Head to Jemaa el-Fnaa, the Old Town's main square for the evening buzz of merchants and children playing. Head to Cafe de France rooftop for a great view over the square (especially at sunset).

Day 1: Arrive in Marrakech

Arrive in Morocco’s Red City, once the capital of a medieval empire stretching deep across the Sahara and into Andalusia. Check into a riad tucked behind the old walls, Sip mint tea in the courtyard or on the rooftop as dusk settles, and listen as the muezzin’s call drifts across the medina, echoing over terracotta walls and satellite dishes.

Head to Jemaa el-Fnaa, the Old Town's main square for the evening buzz of merchants and children playing. Head to Cafe de France rooftop for a great view over the square (especially at sunset).

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Day 2: Marrakech, Palaces & Souks

Begin at the Koutoubia Mosque, built in the 12th century by the Almohads, its great sandstone minaret becoming one of Marrakech’s defining landmarks and later inspiring the Giralda in Seville. From here, dive into the souks, where alleys twist past spice sellers, leatherworkers, metal artisans, and workshops where goods are still shaped by hand much as they have been for generations.

Visit Bahia Palace, a masterpiece of zellij tilework, painted wood, and carved stucco built in the 19th century for a powerful grand vizier, then pause at Le Jardin Secret, a calm oasis of shaded courtyards, fountains, and greenery that once formed part of a Saadian noble estate.

For lunch, head to Mechoui Alley for slow-roasted lamb in one of Marrakech’s great institutions. It is simple, smoky, and deeply local, though you should expect a queue of anything from 30 minutes to an hour. Spend the afternoon at the Jardin Majorelle, the Yves Saint Laurent Museum, and the Ben Youssef Mosque. Make your way to Nomad for sunset, where the city glows honey-coloured as Jemaa el-Fna fills with smoke, music, orange juice stalls, and the rising energy of the evening. This is one of the best modern restaurants in the Old Town. For drinks, La Pergola is a good choice for live music in a multi-storey riad bar, while Dardar offers rooftop views over the medina. In the New Town, Comptoir Darna is the place to go if you want a livelier night out.

Day 3: Marrakech to Essaouira, The Atlantic Port

Drive west in a shared "Grand taxi" (they leave from Bab Doukkala station) through dry plains and argan country toward the Atlantic, passing the famous trees where goats sometimes climb into the branches in search of fruit. If you take a private taxi, ask your driver to stop at an Argan farm. Reach Essaouira by lunchtime, a windswept coastal city with whitewashed walls, blue shutters, and a very different rhythm from Marrakech (much less chaotic, very laidback vibe). Originally shaped by Portuguese influence and later redesigned by a French architect for Sultan Mohammed III, its fortified ramparts once guarded the trade routes of the 18th century, linking the interior to the wider Atlantic world.

Walk the Skala de la Ville, the sea wall where old cannons still face the sea, have lunch at Salut Maroc, wander through galleries and painters’ workshops, and then head down to the broad main beach (Plage Tagharte) for a camel ride, horseback ride, or surf/ kite-surf lesson if you feel active (all merchants offer similar deals on the beach, no need to pre-book). Essaouira has a breezy, bohemian energy that makes it easy to settle into. Dinner at Alma works well for a relaxed meal by the water, followed by drinks at Taros, a rooftop that look back across the medina and out toward the ocean.

Day 4: Essaouira Morning, Return to Marrakech

Spend the morning in the harbour, one of the liveliest and most atmospheric parts of Essaouira, where fishermen mend bright blue nets, gulls circle overhead, and traders auction the day’s catch straight from the boats. Wander through the old Jewish quarter, a reminder of the city’s long mercantile history and once-thriving Jewish community. The Essaouira Fish Market is worth a walk around. Have lunch at Ocean Vagabond on the beach, before heading back inland to Marrakech for the night. Shared "Grand taxis" leave from Station de Grand Taxis on Avenue 2 Mars.

Note: you can easily extend Essaouira by a day and use the extra time for kite surfing, quad biking, horse riding, beach time, or simply relaxing by the sea if you do not mind the wind. It is one of the easiest places on this route to slow the pace down.

Days 5 to 7: Across the Atlas to the Sahara

Join the classic overland route between Marrakech and Fez. This stretch can be booked online through any number of well-known operators, most of whom offer very similar prices and very similar itineraries. The route is popular for good reason, linking mountain passes, kasbahs, desert camps, and cedar forests in one long cinematic crossing of the country.

Day 5: Cross the High Atlas via the Tizi n’Tichka Pass, a dramatic road of hairpins, viewpoints, and scattered Berber villages clinging to the slopes. Stop at roadside argan cooperatives and continue to Aït Benhaddou, the great clay ksar that once sat on the trans-Saharan caravan route and still looks almost unreal rising out of the dust. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site, it has also appeared in countless films. From here, continue via Ouarzazate and into the Dades Gorge, where layered red cliffs, strange rock formations, and deep valleys give the landscape an almost geological grandeur.

Day 6: Travel east toward Merzouga at the edge of the Sahara, where the scenery gradually empties out and the dunes begin to rise from the horizon. On arrival, ride a camel caravan into the Erg Chebbi dunes, crossing soft sand as the light begins to shift toward evening. At camp, settle in, share mint tea and tajine with Berber hosts as drums echo beneath a sky thick with stars.

Day 7: Wake early for sunrise over the dunes, when the sand turns from cold blue to gold in a matter of minutes. Then begin the long drive north through the Ziz Valley, past palm groves and kasbahs, and onward into the cedar forests of the Middle Atlas, where Barbary macaques often gather near the roadside (ask your driver to stop for a bit if he doesn't). Arrive in Fez by evening, trading the emptiness of the desert for the dense, layered world of one of Morocco’s great imperial cities.

Day 8: Fez, City of Scholars & Artisans

Founded in 789 CE by Idris I, Fez grew into the intellectual and spiritual centre of the Islamic west, a city of scholars, craftsmen, merchants, and dynasties. Explore Fes el-Bali, the world’s largest car-free urban area, where narrow lanes spill into hidden squares, donkeys still carry goods through the medina, and every turn seems to reveal another carved doorway or tiled fountain.

Visit Bou Inania Madrasa, one of the city’s finest Marinid monuments, with its cedar screens, geometric plasterwork, and serene courtyard. Continue to the Chouara Tanneries, where leather is still dyed in natural pigments in a process that has changed little for centuries, then stop for lunch at The Ruined Garden, a calm and characterful escape from the medina’s intensity. In the afternoon, visit the Nejjarine Museum of Wooden Arts, housed in a beautifully restored caravanserai that speaks to Fez’s long history as a trading and craft centre.

Day 9: Fez, Royal Gates & Hidden Hammams

Spend the morning exploring another side of the city, beginning with the Mellah, Fez’s historic Jewish quarter, founded in the 15th century and still marked by its distinct balconies and street layout. Continue to the Royal Palace gates, where vast golden doors and intricate mosaic work create one of the city’s most striking facades.

From there, follow your curiosity through copper workshops, mosaic studios, and quieter corners of the medina, or choose a slower rhythm and book into a traditional hammam for a proper reset after the long overland stretch. End the day with dinner at Ouliya, a courtyard restaurant known for slow-cooked tagines and a more intimate, atmospheric setting.

Day 10: Departure from Fez

Head to the airport.

In pictures

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Traveller suggestions

Accomodation

Marrakech

Premium : Les Jardins de la Koutoubia

Mid-tier : Riad BE Marrakech

Budget : The Central House Marrakech Medina

Essaouira

Premium : Salut Maroc

Mid-tier : Riad Chbanate, Riad Lyon Mogador, AirBnB Riad options

Budget : Chill Art Hostel

Fez

Premium : Palais Amani

Mid-tier : Dar Seffarine

Budget : Riad Verus, Funky Fes

Food & Drink

Marrakech

Luxury : La Mamounia, Amanjena, Koya Marrakech, Oberoi, Les Jardins du Lotus, El Fenn (rooftop), Comptoir Darna (dinner and nightlife), Nouba (flashier night-out dinner), Big Buddha (drinks)

Premium : Nomad (great rooftop, book ahead), La Trattoria, L’Ô à la Bouche, Kabana, La Pergola (live music, drinks, food)

Mid-tier : Dar Dar, L’Mida (rooftop Moroccan), Le Café de la Poste (brasserie-style lunch)

Local : Mechoui, La Cantine des Gazelles, Café des Épices (coffee with terrace views),  Bacha Coffee, Taj Moroccan Food, Dar Chef

Essaouira

Salut Maroc

Mimouna

Ocean Vagabond

Restaurant El Yakout

Taros (night drinks, music, lively spot)

Restaurant du Coeur (simple, local, cheaper option)

Fez

Premium: Nur, Dar Roumana

Mid-tier: The Ruined Garden, Fez Café, Ouliya, Dar Hatim, Nejjarine, Darori

Budget: Café Clock

Reminders & Cautions

Transport: CTM and Supratours are the two main bus operators to check for intercity travel in Morocco, and both sell tickets online. The Marrakech–Essaouira leg is one of the easiest to do independently: CTM lists five daily departures on that route, with fares starting from 205 MAD. You can also go via shared taxi, which you can find at the locations noted in the itinerary.

Route planning: The Marrakech–Essaouira section is straightforward by bus or taxi, but the Marrakech–Sahara–Fez stretch is much more naturally done as an organised overland tour if you want to keep the same sequence of Aït Benhaddou, Dades Gorge, Merzouga, the Ziz Valley and the Middle Atlas without adding lots of transport changes. That is more a practicality call than a rule, but it fits the route far better than trying to piece it together day by day.

Etiquette: Dress relatively modestly, especially in medinas, rural areas, and around religious sites. Remove your shoes whenever asked, and note that non-Muslims are usually not allowed inside mosques unless a specific site is officially open to visitors. Always ask before photographing people, especially in religious settings or markets.

Food tips: In Marrakech, try mechoui, the city’s famous slow-roasted lamb, especially around Jemaa el-Fna and the old medina. In Essaouira, go for fresh sardines, one of the city’s quintessential seaside dishes. In Fez, seek out pastilla, one of the city’s best-known specialities and a classic part of its food identity.

Pace & weather: Essaouira is famously breezy, which is part of its charm and one reason it is so popular for boardsports, but it can make beach time feel cooler than you might expect. Pack a light extra layer even if the rest of the route feels hot.

Safety: Do not follow people giving you directions in medinas. It is more often than not a scam. In both Marrakech and Fez, the medinas are dense and complex to navigate. A common scam that has emerged is people telling you "that way is closed, follow me" or "let me take you there." Do not follow or accept this.

image of vibrant dining space (for a mexican restaurant)

Essaouira's craftsmanship

Blue-and-white ramparts, artists’ studios, and waves rolling beneath Portuguese towers, wander through the historic walled medina, vibrant blue fishing port and rich arts scene (especially thuya wood crafts and Gnaoua music), consuming fresh seafood and perfecting your kitesurfing.

image of a guided tour group

Marrakesh medina

Vibrant, labyrinthine souks selling spices, leather, carpets, and lanterns, historic architectural gems like the Koutoubia Mosque and Bahia Palace and traditional riads and palaces all coexist inside the Medina walls to create an intoxicating sensory overload of sights, sounds, and smells.
image of a local tour guide (for a travel agency)

Merzouga's Sahara dunes

Ride camels into the silence of Erg Chebbi surrounded only by rolling dunes and star gaze the Milky Way through one of the clearest skies imaginable.

Reminders from Collective travellers

Transport: CTM and Supratours are the two main bus operators to check for intercity travel in Morocco, and both sell tickets online. The Marrakech–Essaouira leg is one of the easiest to do independently: CTM lists five daily departures on that route, with fares starting from 205 MAD. You can also go via shared taxi, which you can find at the locations noted in the itinerary.

Route planning: The Marrakech–Essaouira section is straightforward by bus or taxi, but the Marrakech–Sahara–Fez stretch is much more naturally done as an organised overland tour if you want to keep the same sequence of Aït Benhaddou, Dades Gorge, Merzouga, the Ziz Valley and the Middle Atlas without adding lots of transport changes. That is more a practicality call than a rule, but it fits the route far better than trying to piece it together day by day.

Etiquette: Dress relatively modestly, especially in medinas, rural areas, and around religious sites. Remove your shoes whenever asked, and note that non-Muslims are usually not allowed inside mosques unless a specific site is officially open to visitors. Always ask before photographing people, especially in religious settings or markets.

Food tips: In Marrakech, try mechoui, the city’s famous slow-roasted lamb, especially around Jemaa el-Fna and the old medina. In Essaouira, go for fresh sardines, one of the city’s quintessential seaside dishes. In Fez, seek out pastilla, one of the city’s best-known specialities and a classic part of its food identity.

Pace & weather: Essaouira is famously breezy, which is part of its charm and one reason it is so popular for boardsports, but it can make beach time feel cooler than you might expect. Pack a light extra layer even if the rest of the route feels hot.

Safety: Do not follow people giving you directions in medinas. It is more often than not a scam. In both Marrakech and Fez, the medinas are dense and complex to navigate. A common scam that has emerged is people telling you "that way is closed, follow me" or "let me take you there." Do not follow or accept this.

Reminders from Collective travellers

Transport: CTM and Supratours are the two main bus operators to check for intercity travel in Morocco, and both sell tickets online. The Marrakech–Essaouira leg is one of the easiest to do independently: CTM lists five daily departures on that route, with fares starting from 205 MAD. You can also go via shared taxi, which you can find at the locations noted in the itinerary.

Route planning: The Marrakech–Essaouira section is straightforward by bus or taxi, but the Marrakech–Sahara–Fez stretch is much more naturally done as an organised overland tour if you want to keep the same sequence of Aït Benhaddou, Dades Gorge, Merzouga, the Ziz Valley and the Middle Atlas without adding lots of transport changes. That is more a practicality call than a rule, but it fits the route far better than trying to piece it together day by day.

Etiquette: Dress relatively modestly, especially in medinas, rural areas, and around religious sites. Remove your shoes whenever asked, and note that non-Muslims are usually not allowed inside mosques unless a specific site is officially open to visitors. Always ask before photographing people, especially in religious settings or markets.

Food tips: In Marrakech, try mechoui, the city’s famous slow-roasted lamb, especially around Jemaa el-Fna and the old medina. In Essaouira, go for fresh sardines, one of the city’s quintessential seaside dishes. In Fez, seek out pastilla, one of the city’s best-known specialities and a classic part of its food identity.

Pace & weather: Essaouira is famously breezy, which is part of its charm and one reason it is so popular for boardsports, but it can make beach time feel cooler than you might expect. Pack a light extra layer even if the rest of the route feels hot.

Safety: Do not follow people giving you directions in medinas. It is more often than not a scam. In both Marrakech and Fez, the medinas are dense and complex to navigate. A common scam that has emerged is people telling you "that way is closed, follow me" or "let me take you there." Do not follow or accept this.

Reminders from Collective travellers

Transport: CTM and Supratours are the two main bus operators to check for intercity travel in Morocco, and both sell tickets online. The Marrakech–Essaouira leg is one of the easiest to do independently: CTM lists five daily departures on that route, with fares starting from 205 MAD. You can also go via shared taxi, which you can find at the locations noted in the itinerary.

Route planning: The Marrakech–Essaouira section is straightforward by bus or taxi, but the Marrakech–Sahara–Fez stretch is much more naturally done as an organised overland tour if you want to keep the same sequence of Aït Benhaddou, Dades Gorge, Merzouga, the Ziz Valley and the Middle Atlas without adding lots of transport changes. That is more a practicality call than a rule, but it fits the route far better than trying to piece it together day by day.

Etiquette: Dress relatively modestly, especially in medinas, rural areas, and around religious sites. Remove your shoes whenever asked, and note that non-Muslims are usually not allowed inside mosques unless a specific site is officially open to visitors. Always ask before photographing people, especially in religious settings or markets.

Food tips: In Marrakech, try mechoui, the city’s famous slow-roasted lamb, especially around Jemaa el-Fna and the old medina. In Essaouira, go for fresh sardines, one of the city’s quintessential seaside dishes. In Fez, seek out pastilla, one of the city’s best-known specialities and a classic part of its food identity.

Pace & weather: Essaouira is famously breezy, which is part of its charm and one reason it is so popular for boardsports, but it can make beach time feel cooler than you might expect. Pack a light extra layer even if the rest of the route feels hot.

Safety: Do not follow people giving you directions in medinas. It is more often than not a scam. In both Marrakech and Fez, the medinas are dense and complex to navigate. A common scam that has emerged is people telling you "that way is closed, follow me" or "let me take you there." Do not follow or accept this.

Journey adjustments

If you want a shorter version of this route, the easiest cut is Essaouira.

It is a lovely contrast to Marrakech, but it is the least essential stop in structural terms. The spine I would preserve is Marrakech, the Atlas / Sahara crossing, and Fez, because that gives you the strongest sense of Morocco’s imperial cities, mountain landscapes, and desert scenery in one trip. The Sahara leg is the longest and most committing part of the route.

If you want to add Chefchaouen, the cleanest way to do it is after Fez, not before.

Chefchaouen brings a very different mood: slower, more visual, more relaxed, and more immediately appealing to travellers who want one scenic pause after the density of the medinas and the long desert transit. Chefchaouen sits naturally as a northern add-on once you have finished the desert crossing and your time in Fez. CTM buses between Fez and Chefchaouen take roughly 4 hours 30 minutes to 4 hours 40 minutes each way, with fares around MAD 110–170, so it works best if you give it at least one overnight, ideally two, rather than trying to force it into a rushed day trip.

If you want to cut admin and complexity, keep the Marrakech–Sahara–Fez stretch as an organised overland tour rather than trying to piece it together independently.

Public transport from Marrakech to Merzouga is possible, but it is slow and awkward, with no direct bus and a journey time of roughly 15 hours 20 minutes via Meknès. That is exactly why most travellers do this section as a packaged overland route: it turns a complicated transport problem into a clean narrative middle section of the trip.

If you want a more relaxed pace overall, the best places to add time are Essaouira.

Marrakech and Fez are both dense and stimulating cities where extra time can be rewarding, but the route breathes best when the added nights go into the places that naturally slow you down. In practice, that means one extra sea-facing day in Essaouira to properly enjoy the coast rather than it being a checklist stop.

Collective travellers' testimonials

Celia - Madrid, Spain

"Essaouira is so under-rated. Horse riding on the beach, galloping at sunset with kite surfers in the sea and camels roaming, was a memory I will never forget"

Joe - London, UK

"I studied architecture, so seeing Morocco’s layers of Berber, Arab, Andalusian, and French influence was incredible. Every doorframe felt like a different century."

Phillip - Athens, Greece

"Travelling from the dunes to Fez was a deep immersion into Amazigh culture, learning about their way of life, traditions, cuisine, and struggles with modern day Moroccan society (this was the most interesting part)."